Australia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are collaborating to establish a cohesive vision for a stable and inclusive maritime order in the Indo-Pacific region, a goal underscored during a special summit in Melbourne in March. However, the partnership faces challenges due to the differing perspectives and interests within ASEAN, particularly concerning the South China Sea disputes. While countries like the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam oppose China’s maritime claims, others remain silent. Australia has voiced its opposition to such destabilizing actions and supported the 2016 arbitral tribunal ruling.
To foster a more effective partnership, Australia must adopt a nuanced approach tailored to the diverse political systems, development levels, and cultural contexts within ASEAN. The Australian government’s allocation of an additional AU$64 million over four years for maritime cooperation is a significant step welcomed by ASEAN, aiming to enhance regional maritime capabilities while emphasizing the need for customized support strategies.
Australia has undertaken various initiatives to bolster maritime governance in Southeast Asia, notably by enhancing legal capacities through training on ocean law. Collaboration with local maritime law institutions could further strengthen this effort. The region’s struggle against illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing remains a critical issue that requires more targeted actions. Australia’s recent commitment of $14.4 million to combat IUU fishing reflects its technical expertise in sustainable fisheries management and acknowledges the rising challenges due to climate change and political tensions.
Amid its environmental impact, Southeast Asia is also a key contributor to marine plastic pollution, producing 31 million tons of waste annually. Australia aims to work collaboratively with ASEAN to develop effective waste management solutions. This includes advancing infrastructure such as wastewater treatment and recycling plants, as well as the potential for joint dialogues to enhance understanding and address these ecological concerns.
Maritime safety is another area requiring greater cooperation. Southeast Asia’s geographical vulnerability and heavy maritime traffic necessitate improved search and rescue (SAR) capabilities. Australia can enhance response mechanisms through joint training and the provision of equipment, ensuring timely and effective responses to maritime incidents.
As Australia and ASEAN advance their partnership, focusing on tailored strategies, environmental sustainability, and enhanced maritime safety will be crucial in navigating the complexities of the Indo-Pacific region. The challenges posed by differing interests and capabilities within ASEAN call for a partnership built on understanding, respect, and mutual collaboration.
